Deposit Feeding and Sediment

Author(s)
Rainer M.W. Amon, Gerhard J. Herndl
Abstract

Abstract. The effect of defecation and decomposition of fecal pellets egested by the deposit feeding Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin on the microbial productivity of sediments was investigated in microcosm experiments. H. tubulosa specimens were collected from a 5m deep seagrass meadow in the nearshorc waters of the Mediterranean Sea off Lacco Ameno (Island of Ischia, Gulf of Naples, Italy). Experiments were performed under different temperature regimes. Bacterial production in the incubation media and within fecal pellets increased with increasing temperature, ranging from 0.8 to 1.65 μg C 1‐1 h‐1 at 14 oC and up to 16.5 μg C ‐1‐1 h‐1 (27 oC) in the incubation media. The corresponding values within fecal pellets ranged between 3.6 and 8.5 μg C g‐l (fecal matter dry wt) h‐1 (14oC) and 30.3μg C g‐1 (fecal matter dry wt) h‐1 (27oC). Incubation experiments on the effect of feces on natural sediments indicated that fecal pellet production by H. tubulosa enhanced sediment bacterial production by about 30 %. Two independent methods were used to estimate leaching of dissolved carbohydrates from fecal pellets. One method was based on the increase in total dissolved carbohydrates (TDCHO) in the incubation medium of the HgCl2‐treated jars, the other on the decrease in total particulate carbohydrates (TPCHO) of the fecal matter. For the experiment performed at 14 oC, we calculated a TDCHO‐leaching rate of 26.4 % d‐1 based on the increase in the HgCl2‐treated jar, while 20 % d‐1 were obtained from the decline in the TPCHO fraction of the fecal matter.

Organisation(s)
Functional and Evolutionary Ecology
Journal
Marine Ecology
Volume
12
Pages
175-184
No. of pages
10
ISSN
0173-9565
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0485.1991.tb00251.x
Publication date
01-1991
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
106021 Marine biology
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Aquatic Science, Ecology
Sustainable Development Goals
SDG 14 - Life Below Water
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/deposit-feeding-and-sediment(61577b03-d95b-42cb-a6b4-5482cb244ac1).html